Cov duab rub tawm los ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press Office lub vev xaib muaj rau cov koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, xov xwm, thiab cov pej xeem raws li Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial No Derivatives License.Koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho cov duab muab tshwj tsis yog tias lawv tau raug cropped rau qhov loj.credit yuav tsum tau siv thaum ua si cov duab;Yog tias nws tsis tau teev tseg hauv qab no, txuas cov duab rau "MIT".
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Massachusetts lub koom haum thev naus laus zis tau tsim lub tshuab desalination portable uas hnyav dua 10 kg uas tshem tawm cov khoom thiab ntsev los tsim cov dej haus.
Lub thawv ntim khoom loj siv lub zog tsawg dua li lub xov tooj charger thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag me me uas tuaj yeem yuav hauv online rau txog $ 50.Nws cia li tsim cov dej haus uas dhau los ntawm World Health Organization cov qauv.Cov thev naus laus zis tau ntim rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo uas ua haujlwm ntawm lublaub ntawm ib lub pob.
Tsis zoo li lwm cov khoom siv dej txawb uas xav tau dej kom dhau los ntawm lub lim dej, cov cuab yeej no siv hluav taws xob kom tshem tawm cov khoom ntawm cov dej haus.Kev hloov lim tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua, txo qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas mus ntev.
Qhov no tuaj yeem tso cai rau lub chaw xa mus rau thaj chaw deb thiab thaj chaw muaj kev txwv ntau, xws li cov zej zog ntawm cov Islands me me los yog nyob rau sab ntug dej hiav txwv cargo nkoj.Nws kuj tseem siv tau los pab cov neeg tawg rog khiav tawm ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim lossis cov tub rog koom nrog kev ua tub rog mus ntev.
"Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm kev taug kev 10 xyoo rau kuv thiab kuv pab neeg.Tau ntau xyoo peb tau ua haujlwm ntawm physics tom qab ntau yam txheej txheem desalination, tab sis muab tag nrho cov kev nce qib no rau hauv ib lub thawv, tsim lub cev thiab ua nws hauv dej hiav txwv.Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kuv, "said tus kws sau ntawv laus Jongyoon Han, tus xibfwb ntawm hluav taws xob engineering, computer science, thiab bioengineering thiab ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Electronics Research Laboratory (RLE).
Khan tau koom nrog thawj tus sau Jungyo Yoon, RLE Fellow, Hyukjin J. Kwon, yav dhau los tus kws kho mob tom qab, Sungku Kang, tus kws kho mob tom qab ntawm Northeastern University, thiab US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Eric Braque.Txoj kev tshawb no tau luam tawm hauv online hauv phau ntawv journal Environmental Science & Technology.
Yoon piav qhia tias kev lag luam portable desalination cov nroj tsuag feem ntau xav tau cov twj tso kua mis siab kom tsav cov dej los ntawm cov lim dej, uas nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm me me yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm lub zog.
Hloov chaw, lawv cov cuab yeej ua raws li cov txheej txheem hu ua ion-concentration polarization (ICP), uas Khan cov pab pawg tau pioneer tshaj 10 xyoo dhau los.Hloov chaw lim dej, cov txheej txheem ICP siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau ib daim nyias nyias nyob rau saum toj thiab hauv qab txoj kev dej.Thaum cov khoom zoo lossis tsis zoo, suav nrog cov ntsev molecules, cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias, lawv raug tshem tawm ntawm nws.Cov khoom uas raug them raug coj mus rau hauv qhov dej thib ob, uas nws thiaj li tawm mus.
Cov txheej txheem no tshem tawm cov khoom tawg thiab tshem tawm, tso cai rau cov dej huv kom dhau los ntawm cov channel.Vim tias nws tsuas yog xav tau lub twj tso kua mis siab, ICP siv lub zog tsawg dua li lwm cov thev naus laus zis.
Tab sis ICP tsis tas yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov ntsev ntab hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov channel.Yog li cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv cov txheej txheem thib ob hu ua electrodialysis kom tshem tawm cov ntsev ions ntxiv.
Yun thiab Kang siv tshuab kev kawm kom pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ke ntawm ICP thiab electrodialysis modules.Qhov kev teeb pom kev zoo muaj ob-theem ICP txheej txheem uas cov dej hla dhau rau 6 modules hauv thawj theem, tom qab ntawd los ntawm peb lub modules hauv theem thib ob, ua raws li cov txheej txheem electrodialysis.Qhov no minimizes zog noj thaum ua tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej-tu.
"Thaum nws muaj tseeb tias qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntes tau los ntawm ion pauv membrane, yog tias lawv raug kaw, peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim los ntawm kev hloov pauv polarity ntawm hluav taws xob teb," Yun piav qhia.
Lawv shrunk thiab stowed ICP thiab electrodialysis modules los txhim kho lawv lub zog efficiency thiab cia lawv haum rau hauv portable units.Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib lub cuab yeej rau cov tsis yog kws tshwj xeeb los pib cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsis siv neeg desalination thiab ntxuav nrog ib qho.khawm.Thaum cov salinity thiab particle suav poob qis dua qee qhov pib, lub cuab yeej ceeb toom rau cov neeg siv tias cov dej npaj tau haus.
Cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau tsim lub smartphone app uas wirelessly tswj cov cuab yeej thiab tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab dej ntsev.
Tom qab kuaj sim nrog cov dej sib txawv ntawm qib salinity thiab turbidity (turbidity), cov cuab yeej tau sim hauv thaj teb ntawm Boston's Carson Beach.
Yoon thiab Kwon teeb lub thawv rau ntawm lub txhab nyiaj thiab tso cov khoom noj rau hauv dej.Tom qab li ib nrab teev, lub cuab yeej ntim lub khob yas nrog dej huv.
"Nws zoo siab heev thiab xav tsis thoob tias nws tau ua tiav txawm tias thawj zaug tso tawm.Tab sis kuv xav tias qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau peb txoj kev vam meej yog qhov ua tiav ntawm tag nrho cov kev txhim kho me me uas peb tau ua nyob rau hauv txoj kev, "Khan hais.
Cov dej uas tau tshwm sim tshaj li cov qauv zoo ntawm Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb, thiab kev teeb tsa txo cov khoom raug tshem tawm tsawg kawg yog 10 zaug.Lawv cov qauv tsim cov dej haus ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.3 litres ib teev twg thiab tsuas yog siv 20 watt-teev ib liter.
Raws li Khan, ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim lub tshuab nqa tau yooj yim yog los tsim cov cuab yeej nkag siab uas leej twg tuaj yeem siv.
Yoon vam tias yuav ua lag luam thev naus laus zis los ntawm kev pib ua lag luam uas nws npaj yuav pib ua kom cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo dua thiab txhim kho nws lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Hauv chav kuaj, Khan xav siv cov lus qhia uas nws tau kawm nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los rau cov teeb meem dej tsis zoo tshaj li desalination, xws li kev tshawb pom sai ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov dej haus.
Nws tau hais tias "Nws yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo siab heev thiab kuv zoo siab rau qhov kev vam meej uas peb tau ua los txog tam sim no, tab sis tseem muaj ntau txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua," nws hais.
Piv txwv li, thaum "txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuab nqa tau yooj yim siv cov txheej txheem electromembrane yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab nthuav txoj hauv kev rau off-grid me me desalination dej," qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov pa phem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov dej muaj turbidity, tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev tu ncua thiab cov nqi zog. , sau tseg Nidal Hilal, Prof. engineer thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Abu Dhabi Water Research Center ntawm New York University, uas tsis koom nrog txoj kev tshawb no.
"Lwm qhov kev txwv yog kev siv cov khoom kim heev," nws hais ntxiv."Nws yuav nthuav kom pom cov tshuab zoo sib xws siv cov khoom pheej yig."
Txoj kev tshawb fawb no tau txais nyiaj pab los ntawm DEVCOM Soldier Center, Abdul Latif Jameel Dej thiab Khoom Noj Systems Laboratory (J-WAFS), Northeastern University Postdoctoral Fellowship Program in Experimental Artificial Intelligence, thiab Ru Institute of Artificial Intelligence.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm MIT's Electronics Research Laboratory tau tsim lub tshuab nqus dej uas tuaj yeem hloov cov dej hiav txwv mus rau hauv cov dej haus nyab xeeb, raws li Fortune's Ian Mount.Mount sau tias tus kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb Jongyun Khan thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav Bruce Crawford nrhiav tau Nona Technologies los ua lag luam cov khoom.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Massachusetts lub koom haum thev naus laus zis "tau tsim cov khoom siv dej dawb-floating desalination uas muaj ntau txheej txheej ntawm cov evaporators uas rov qab cua sov los ntawm cov dej vapor, ua kom nws cov txiaj ntsig tag nrho," Neil Nell Lewis ntawm CNN ceeb toom."Cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias nws tuaj yeem tsim kho raws li lub vaj huam sib luag ntab hauv hiav txwv, xa dej tshiab rau ntawm ntug dej, lossis nws tuaj yeem tsim los ua haujlwm rau ib tsev neeg siv nws hauv lub tank dej hiav txwv," Lewis sau.
Cov kws tshawb fawb MIT tau tsim lub thawv ntim khoom loj me me uas tuaj yeem hloov cov dej ntsev rau hauv dej haus ntawmlaub ntawm ib lub pob, qhia Elisaveta M. Brandon ntawm Fast Company.Cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem yog "cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw deb Islands tuaj, cov nkoj thauj khoom sab nraud, thiab txawm tias cov neeg tawg rog nyob ze rau dej," Brandon tau sau.
Tus kws sau xov xwm Motherboard Audrey Carlton sau tias MIT cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim "cov khoom siv lim dej tsis muaj dej tsis zoo uas siv lub hnub ci hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv xws li ntsev, kab mob thiab kab mob."Scarcity yog ib qho teeb meem loj zuj zus rau txhua tus neeg vim kev nce dej hiav txwv.Peb tsis xav tau lub neej yav tom ntej, tab sis peb xav pab tib neeg npaj rau nws. "
Ib qho tshiab portable solar-powered desalination ntaus ntawv tsim los ntawm MIT cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem tsim cov dej haus ntawm lubkov ntawm ib lub pob, raws li Tony Ho Tran ntawm The Daily Beast.Tran sau hais tias "Lub cuab yeej tsis nyob ntawm ib qho kev lim dej zoo li cov neeg siv dej ib txwm siv," Tran sau."Xwb, nws electrocutes dej kom tshem tawm cov zaub mov, xws li ntsev, los ntawm dej."